Amidst all the fuss about the new Alice in Wonderland movie, I came across the following article postulating that many of the wacky scenes are parodies of new developments in mathematics in Lewis Carroll's day.
As someone who gets excited at the mention of quaternions, I found the article very interesting, and I thought it might make for a good excuse to start a thread about mathematics in literature.As I embarked on my DPhil investigating Victorian literature, I wanted to know what inspired these later additions. The critical literature focused mainly on Freudian interpretations of the book as a wild descent into the dark world of the subconscious. There was no detailed analysis of the added scenes, but from the mass of literary papers, one stood out: in 1984 Helena Pycior of the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee had linked the trial of the Knave of Hearts with a Victorian book on algebra. Given the author's day job, it was somewhat surprising to find few other reviews of his work from a mathematical perspective. Carroll was a pseudonym: his real name was Charles Dodgson, and he was a mathematician at Christ Church College, Oxford.
The 19th century was a turbulent time for mathematics, with many new and controversial concepts, like imaginary numbers, becoming widely accepted in the mathematical community. Putting Alice's Adventures in Wonderland in this context, it becomes clear that Dodgson, a stubbornly conservative mathematician, used some of the missing scenes to satirise these radical new ideas.
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Many examples can be found, from Zamyatin's We, with its use of mathematics to symbolize a threatening rational rigidity, to Tom Stoppard's Arcadia, in which ideas from dynamical systems and chaos play a large role, to Pynchon's information theory-soaked The Crying of Lot 49. And of course mathematical concepts regularly show up in science-fiction. I even found a webpage cataloging mathematical fiction.
Has someone come across a particularly nice example of mathematics in literature? Was there something about math that puzzled you in some book? Was there a particularly clueless treatment of math to laugh at? I know there are many people here with technical backgrounds, so I hope there is good potential for a stimulating discussion.